A/72/171 particular developing countries (resolution 70/1, para. 44). That obligation must apply to the international system as a whole. No structures or relationships at the international or bilateral level should operate to restrict the capability of States to act for the realization of human rights. 64. As noted above, true sustainable development cannot be a purely State-based or State-driven process. On the contrary, it must be person-centred and involve the participation and efforts of a vast range of stakeholders. Private actors have enormous impacts on human rights and sustainable development and therefore bear a responsibility to respect human rights. 65. A human rights-based approach to data, monitoring and accountability respects the principles of participation, data disaggregation, self-identification, transparency, privacy and accountability. 9 It also entails measuring development in a manner that is broader and more people-centred than gross domestic product, seeking to capture whether economic growth is truly meeting the needs and rights of the people in a manner that is equitable and sustainable. 66. In grounding all international action in human rights, the draft declaration generates policy coherence. In emphasizing the mutual necessity of solidarity and sovereignty, it preserves policy space. In recognizing that duty bearers include s ome non-State actors, it provides a framework for effective and accountable multi stakeholder partnerships. By setting out a vision of a human rights -based approach to international cooperation, it enables the creation of an international system that addresses those systemic issues in their entirety. IV. Conclusion and recommendations 67. The Independent Expert recalls coming away from the five regional consultations with an even firmer conviction regarding the feasibility and enforceability of the right to international solidarity as outlined in the current draft declaration on the right to international solidarity (A/HRC/35/35, annex). The regional consultations confirmed that many States already had t he functioning institutions and agencies necessary to implement the right to international solidarity. The Independent Expert notes with interest that the output of the regional consultations echoed the text of Human Rights Council resolution 35/3, adopted on 22 June 2017, in which it was recognized that “there is an overwhelming manifestation of solidarity by States, individually and collectively, by civil society, by global social movements and by countless people of good will reaching out to others, and that this solidarity is commonly practised at the national, regional and international levels. 68. It thus appears, by all indications from the five regional consultations and the country visits of the Independent Expert, that those working on the ground do possess the knowledge and experience to make the right to international solidarity work in practice. It is also evident from the experiences narrated by national and regional actors that, although it may take a while to surmount some obstacles, the right can be effectively implemented in culturally diverse ways that do not in any way diminish the standards outlined in the draft declaration. __________________ 9 12/13 Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, “A human rights -based approach to data: leaving no one behind in the 2030 development agenda — guidance note to data collection and disaggregation”, available from www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/ HRIndicators/GuidanceNoteonApproachtoData.pdf. 17-12217