A/HRC/28/60
intelligence units and to people with a “legitimate interest”, such as investigative journalists
and other citizens concerned. The aim is to enhance transparency, make “dodgy deals”
harder to hide and fight money-laundering and tax crime.
V. Curbing illicit financial flows and the United Nations post2015 development framework
61.
IIFs were not explicitly addressed in the United Nations Millennium Development
Goals, including Goal 8 on global partnership for development, covering foreign debt, trade
and development cooperation. That neglect has been addressed by the report of the United
Nations High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the post-2015 development agenda,
published in May 2013, which recommended including a global target to “reduce illicit
flows and tax evasion and increase stolen-asset recovery” in the future development goals.48
62.
The report stated that “it is time for the international community to use new ways of
working, to go beyond an aid agenda and put its own house in order: to implement a swift
reduction in corruption, illicit financial flows, money-laundering, tax evasion, and hidden
ownership of assets”. It underlined that developed countries “have special responsibilities
in ensuring that there can be no safe haven for illicit capital and the proceeds of corruption
and that multinational companies pay taxes fairly in the countries in which they operate”
and noted that “developed countries could be more actively seizing and returning assets that
may have been stolen, acquired corruptly, or transferred abroad illegally from developing
countries”.49
63.
Civil society organizations have also advocated for addressing the issue of illicit
financial flows as part of the post-2015 development agenda. For example, the Center for
Economic and Social Rights and Christian Aid proposed an explicit target for reducing
illicit financial flows as part of the new sustainable development goals , to address crossborder tax evasion, return of stolen assets, odious debt and tax abuses. 50 They further noted
that “People’s right to access detailed, reliable, periodic and disaggregated fiscal and
financial information is strongly curtailed in many countries, especially the financial
information necessary to root out illicit financial flows, curb corporate capture of
development processes, and detect other tax abuses such as socially-useless tax
expenditures. This fundamental vacuum in fiscal information compounds and reinforces the
lack of effective, meaningful and institutionalized participation of the most disadvantaged
social groups and countries in the design, implementation and monitoring of fiscal policy.”
64.
The Independent Expert welcomes those and other initiatives that eventually ensured
that the report of the Open Working Group of the General Assembly on Sustainable
Development Goals, adopted on 19 July 2014, incorporated the issue of illicit financial
flows under a proposed goal 16 to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development”. It proposed a specific goal (16.4) “to reduce significantly illicit financial and
arms flows, strengthen recovery and return of stolen assets, and combat all forms of
organized crime” by 2030.
48
49
50
20
Report of the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the post-2015 development agenda, “A new
global partnership: eradicate poverty and transform economies through sustainable development”
(May 2013).
Ibid., Executive summary, and pp. 10 and 55.
Center for Economic and Social Rights and Christian Aid, “A post-2015 fiscal revolution: human
rights policy brief” (May 2014).