13.
Accordingly, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is of the
view that States parties to the Covenant are obligated to pay particular attention to
promoting and protecting the economic, social and cultural rights of older persons.
The Committee’s own role in this regard is rendered all the more important by the fact
that, unlike the case of other population groups such as women and children, no
comprehensive international convention yet exists in relation to the rights of older
persons and no binding supervisory arrangements attach to the various sets of
United Nations principles in this area.
14.
By the end of its thirteenth session, the Committee and, before that, its
predecessor, the Sessional Working Group of Governmental Experts, had examined
144 initial reports, 70 second periodic reports and 20 initial and periodic global
reports on articles 1 to 15. This examination made it possible to identify many of the
problems that may be encountered in implementing the Covenant in a considerable
number of States parties that represent all the regions of the world and have different
political, socio-economic and cultural systems. The reports examined to date have not
provided any information in a systematic way on the situation of older persons with
regard to compliance with the Covenant, apart from information, of varying
completeness, on the implementation of article 9 relating to the right to social
security.
15.
In 1993, the Committee devoted a day of general discussion to this issue in
order to plan its future activity in this area. Moreover, it has, at recent sessions, begun
to attach substantially more importance to information on the rights of older persons
and its questioning has elicited some very valuable information in some instances.
Nevertheless, the Committee notes that the great majority of States parties reports
continue to make little reference to this important issue. It therefore wishes to
indicate that, in future, it will insist that the situation of older persons in relation to
each of the rights recognized in the Covenant should be adequately addressed in all
reports. The remainder of this general comment identifies the specific issues which
are relevant in this regard.
4. General obligations of States parties
16.
Older persons as a group are as heterogeneous and varied as the rest of the
population and their situation depends on a country’s economic and social situation,
on demographic, environmental, cultural and employment factors and, at the
individual level, on the family situation, the level of education, the urban or rural
environment and the occupation of workers and retirees.
17.
Side by side with older persons who are in good health and whose financial
situation is acceptable, there are many who do not have adequate means of support,
even in developed countries, and who feature prominently among the most vulnerable,
marginal and unprotected groups. In times of recession and of restructuring of the
economy, older persons are particularly at risk. As the Committee has previously
stressed (general comment No. 3 (1990), para. 12), even in times of severe resource
constraints, States parties have the duty to protect the vulnerable members of society.