A/HRC/35/21 83. Peer support, when not compromised, is an integral part of recovery-based services. 59 It provides hope and empowers people to learn from each other, including through peer support networks, recovery colleges, club houses and peer-led crisis houses. Open Dialogue, a successful mental health system, has entirely replaced emergency, medicalized treatment in Lapland.60 Other non-coercive models include mental health crisis units, respite houses, community development models for social inclusion, personal ombudsmen, empowerment psychiatry and family support conferencing. The Soteria House project is a long-standing recovery-based model, which has been recreated in many countries.61 The increasing availability of alternatives and education and training on the use of non-consensual measures are critical indicators for measuring overall progress towards compliance with the right to health. VII. Conclusions and recommendations A. Conclusions 84. Mental health has often been neglected and when it does receive resources, it becomes dominated by ineffective and harmful models, attitudes and imbalances. That has led to the current situation of the grossly unmet need for rights-based mental health promotion and care. People of all ages, when they have mental health needs, too often suffer from either an absence of care and support or from services that are ineffective and harmful. 85. The failure of the status quo to address human rights violations in mental health-care systems is unacceptable. As mental health emerges as a policy priority, it is crucial now to assess the failure to chart a better way forward, reaching consensus on how to invest and how not to invest. 86. An assessment of the global burden of obstacles alarmingly suggests their burden may be heavier than any burden of “mental disorders”. The crisis in mental health should be managed not as a crisis of individual conditions, but as a crisis of social obstacles which hinders individual rights. Mental health policies should address the “power imbalance” rather than “chemical imbalance”. 87. The urgent need for a shift in approach should prioritize policy innovation at the population level, targeting social determinants and abandon the predominant medical model that seeks to cure individuals by targeting “disorders”. 88. Today, there are unique opportunities for mental health. The international recognition of mental health as a global health imperative, including within the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, is welcome progress. The right to health framework offers guidance to States on how rights-based policies and investments must be directed to secure dignity and well-being for all. To reach parity between physical and mental health, mental health must be integrated in primary and general health care through the participation of all stakeholders in the development of public policies that address the underlying determinants. Effective psychosocial interventions in the community should be scaled up and the culture of coercion, isolation and excessive medicalization abandoned. 89. There are already promising initiatives in place throughout the world, including in low- and middle-income countries, which challenge the status quo. Creating the space, through strong political leadership and resources, to enable those 59 60 61 See Sarah Carr, “Social care for marginalised communities: balancing self-organisation, microprovision and mainstream support”, University of Birmingham, policy paper No. 18 (February 2014). See Jaako Seikkula and others, “Five-year experience of first-episode nonaffective psychosis in opendialogue approach: treatment principles, follow-up outcomes and two case studies”, Psychotherapy Research, vol. 16, No. 2 (March 2006). See Tim Calton and others, “A systematic review of the Soteria paradigm for the treatment of people diagnosed with schizophrenia”, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol. 34, No. 1 (January 2008). 19