-6met by public funds” with the aim of relieving the destitute. It proposed substituting cash grants on a means-tested basis for assistance in kind. It is of particular present relevance that it also proposed that the residence requirement be reduced to one year: “The second proposal is that the present criterion of a minimum period of five years’ residence in the Colony should be reduced to one year, with the discretion of the Director of Social Welfare to pay assistance to people who have not fulfilled this condition, if, in their particular circumstances, he considers it necessary having regard for other available sources of aid. The residential criterion was established in 1948 at 10 years and reduced in 1959 to 5 years. The thinking behind the residential qualification was that public assistance should not be made so freely available as to attract a mass influx of new immigrants from China into the Colony. As a result, voluntary agencies, including some which are subvented by Government, have necessarily had to assume the responsibility for assisting persons who do not have this residential qualification. The situation regarding immigration has changed considerably in recent years and it is believed that this residential qualification could safely be reduced to one year, although for reasons associated with our external relations it would be possibly unwise at the present time to remove it entirely.”13 15. As pointed out by Ms Polly Choy Bo Chun14 on the Government’s behalf, the Governor-in-Council endorsed those recommendations on 17 March 1970 and the Legislative Council’s Finance Committee approved the necessary funding on 17 June 1970. The system then put in place developed into the present CSSA scheme which was introduced in its present form with effect from 1 July 1993. 16. From 1970 onwards, one year’s residence was the residential condition of eligibility for the benefit. It was only on 1 January 2004 that the new requirement was adopted, resulting in Madam Kong having to wait seven years before qualifying for CSSA. I shall return later to examine the terms upon which the seven-year requirement was introduced and the Government’s justification for its introduction. 13 Exco Memo, 11 March 1970, §7. 14 Principal Assistant Secretary for Labour and Welfare (Welfare) 4 of the Labour and Welfare Bureau, Affirmation 19 January 2011 (“Ms Choy’s Affirmation”), §12.

Select target paragraph3