MOKGORO J the costs will be large and will result in shortfalls in provincial budgets particularly in the poorer provinces. [61] Mr Kruger indicates that there is a paucity of information concerning the number of persons who might qualify for grants if they are extended to permanent residents. He refers to various classes of persons who have been exempted from the normal immigration requirements and have been accorded permanent residence status. They include Mozambican refugees and various persons from members of the Southern African Development Community and other African countries. He estimates that there are at least 260 000 such persons currently in South Africa. Most of these permanent residents have been living in South Africa for a considerable period of time. In the case of the applicants, they have all been in South Africa since 1993 or longer. The respondents were unable, however, to furnish this Court with information relating to the numbers who hold permanent resident status, or who would qualify for social assistance if the citizenship barrier were to be removed. [62] There is thus no clear evidence to show what the additional cost of providing social grants to aged and disabled permanent residents would be. Taking into account certain assumptions relating to the composition of the groups and numbers of dependents, Mr Kruger concludes that the additional annual cost of including permanent residents in grants in terms of sections 3, 4 and 4B could range between R243 million and R672 million. The possible 38