A/71/302 population has gained access since 1990 and the level of access overall has remained at 37 per cent. 25. Cooperation in the water and sanitation sector officially falls within the following main categories: water resources policy and management; large water supply and large sanitation systems; basic drinking water supply and basic sanitation; and education and training in water supply and sanitation. The distinction between basic systems and large systems takes into consideration the number of people to be served: large systems provide water and sanitation t o a city or neighbourhood while basic systems provide water and sanitation to small urban communities, including informal settlements, and rural communities. 26. In 2014, loans and grants from OECD member States and multilateral agencies for the water and sanitation sector and the water resources sector were allocated as follows: 50 per cent for large water supply and sanitation activities; 28 per cent for water resources policy/administrative management, water resources protection, waste management/disposal and river basin development; and 22 per cent for basic drinking water supply and sanitation. Only 0.1 per cent was dedicated to education and training in water supply and sanitation. 13 27. In 2014, in the least developed countries, 41 per cent of funding was allocated to large water supply and sanitation activities, 27 per cent to water resources policy/ administrative management, water resources protection, waste management/disposal and river basin development and 32 per cent to basic drinking wat er supply and sanitation. Only 0.2 per cent was dedicated to education and training in water supply and sanitation. 13 28. At the close of the Millennium Development Goals period, disparities in water and sanitation services remained, including between urb an and rural populations. The trends in development cooperation for the sector show that funders appear to favour large water supply and sanitation activities, which mostly benefit the wealthiest urban populations. They also suggest that much more targeted efforts are needed for the least developed countries, in particular with respect to sanitation, to accelerate progress and thereby achieve universal access by 2030 pursuant to the expectations set forth in the Sustainable Development Goals. IV. The human rights to water and sanitation in development cooperation policies A. Situating the human rights to water and sanitation in development cooperation 1. Pivotal issues 29. The Special Rapporteur sent a questionnaire on the subject of developme nt cooperation in the water and sanitation sector to relevant stakeholders. The 10 items on the questionnaire were designed to uncover good practices and help assess existing policies and their association with human rights. 14 Nine States and nine civil society organizations and coalitions of individuals and entities submitted __________________ 14 16-13590 The questionnaire and responses are available from www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/ WaterAndSanitation/SRWater/Pages/DevelopmentCooperationSubmissions.aspx. 9/24