CEDAW/C/MMR/CO/4-5 Stereotypes and harmful practices 24. The Committee remains concerned at the persistence of patriarchal attitudes and discriminatory stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men in the family and in society. It is particularly concerned at the persistence of such stereotypes in educational textbooks, which may have an impact on educational choices and the sharing of family and domestic responsibilities between women and men. The Committee is also concerned at: (a) The lack of a comprehensive strategy to eliminate patriarchal attitudes and discriminatory stereotypes, which are partly fomented by religion; (b) The lack of data on child marriage and other harmful practices in the State party; (c) Discriminatory stereotypes faced by ethnic minority women, in particular Muslim women in Rakhine State. 25. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (see CEDAW/C/ MMR/CO/3, para. 21) that the State party: (a) Adopt a comprehensive strategy aimed at eliminating discriminatory stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men in the family and in society, as well as harmful practices such as child marriage; (b) Intensify its efforts to change social norms that reinforce the traditional roles of women and men and to promote positive cultural traditions that strengthen the human rights of women and girls; (c) Review educational textbooks discriminatory gender stereotypes; and materials to eliminate (d) Provide disaggregated data on the incidence of child marriage in the next periodic report; (e) Regularly monitor and assess the impact, through an independent expert body, of measures taken to eliminate discriminatory stereotypes and prejudice against women, in particular ethnic minority women and Muslim women in Rakhine State. Gender-based violence against women 26. The Committee notes that the State party is making efforts to review its laws. It is concerned, however, at the lack of information on steps taken to review the Penal Code in order to address various issues, including the restrictive definitions of the crime of rape, which requires that there be penile penetration, and the crime of marital rape, which applies only when a married woman is under 15 years of age. The Committee expresses particular concern at: (a) Continuing sexual violence perpetrated by the military and armed groups against rural women and ethnic minority women, in particular in Kachin, Kayah, Kayin Mon and Rakhine States; widespread impunity enjoyed by perpetrators of such violence as well as threats and revictimization of women who attempt to report such cases; the low rate of prosecution of perpetrators of gender -based violence against women, in particular when such crimes are committed by the military and 16-12871 7/17