20.
Women have the right to be fully informed, by properly trained personnel, of
their options in agreeing to treatment or research, including likely benefits and
potential adverse effects of proposed procedures and available alternatives.
21.
States parties should report on measures taken to eliminate barriers that
women face in access to health-care services and what measures they have taken to
ensure women timely and affordable access to such services. Barriers include
requirements or conditions that prejudice women’s access, such as high fees for
health-care services, the requirement for preliminary authorization by spouse, parent
or hospital authorities, distance from health facilities and the absence of convenient
and affordable public transport.
22.
States parties should also report on measures taken to ensure access to quality
health-care services, for example, by making them acceptable to women. Acceptable
services are those that are delivered in a way that ensures that a woman gives her fully
informed consent, respects her dignity, guarantees her confidentiality and is sensitive
to her needs and perspectives. States parties should not permit forms of coercion,
such as non-consensual sterilization, mandatory testing for sexually transmitted
diseases or mandatory pregnancy testing as a condition of employment that violate
women’s rights to informed consent and dignity.
23.
In their reports, States parties should state what measures they have taken to
ensure timely access to the range of services that are related to family planning, in
particular, and to sexual and reproductive health in general. Particular attention
should be paid to the health education of adolescents, including information and
counselling on all methods of family planning. *
24.
The Committee is concerned about the conditions of health-care services for
older women, not only because women often live longer than men and are more likely
than men to suffer from disabling and degenerative chronic diseases, such as
osteoporosis and dementia, but because they often have the responsibility for their
ageing spouses. Therefore, States parties should take appropriate measures to ensure
the access of older women to health services that address the handicaps and
disabilities associated with ageing.
25.
Women with disabilities, of all ages, often have difficulty with physical access
to health services. Women with mental disabilities are particularly vulnerable, while
there is limited understanding, in general, of the broad range of risks to mental health
to which women are disproportionately susceptible as a result of gender
discrimination, violence, poverty, armed conflict, dislocation and other forms of
social deprivation. States parties should take appropriate measures to ensure that
health services are sensitive to the needs of women with disabilities and are respectful
of their human rights and dignity.
*
Health education for adolescents should further address, inter alia, gender quality, violence,
prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and reproductive and sexual health rights.