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can be addressed by the same or similar interventions and can be mainstreamed into
existing health and other relevant policies and programmes. 21
32. While welcoming this important paradigm shift towards embracing the right to
healthy development, the Special Rapporteur is concerned that in the draft
sustainable development goals, and in other documents, there is a tendency to
address human rights, including the human rights of children, selectively. For
example, while welcoming the proposed goal 5.2 to “eliminate violence against all
women and girls in the public and private spheres”, 22 he wishes to highlight that no
form of violence against children, including boys, should be accepted.
33. Moreover, States should mobilize more political will and resources and
facilitate the meaningful involvement of all relevant stakeholders, in particular civil
society actors, in the realization of goals and targets of the sustainable development
goals related to early childhood.
C.
Right to health obligations to promote early childhood development
34. General comment No. 7 (2005) on implementing child rights in early
childhood and general comment No. 15 (2013) on the right of the child to the
enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health of the Committee on the
Rights of the Child embrace a holistic approach to health, survival and development.
Building on relevant treaty provisions and on evidence from the public health and
scientific communities, the following sections of the report set out a right to health
approach to early childhood development.
Young children as rights holders
35. Infants and young children are holders of all rights enshrined in the
Convention on the Rights of the Child as well as other international human rights
treaties. The Convention affords special protection for early childhood in
recognition of the important and particular challenges facing this age group and the
progressive exercise of their rights, in accordance with their evolving capacities.
36. In this regard, the rights of the newborn, as a rights holder, need to be
addressed. Newborn children are too often not considered as deserving the status of
autonomous individuals and rights holders and therefore not deserving respect and
dignity. Young children, from the first days of their lives, are not only expo sed to
the environment in which they live but are actively shaping their surroundings by
means of their presence and different forms of communication. In paragraph 10 of
the recommendations adopted on its day of general discussion on implementing
child rights in early childhood, held in September 2004, 23 the Committee on the
Rights of the Child underlined that the concept of the child as rights holder is
“anchored in the child’s daily life from the earliest stage” (para. 10).
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21
22
23
15-12535
P. Engle and others, “Strategies for reducing inequalities and improving developmental outcomes
for young children in low-income and middle-income countries”, Lancet, vol. 378, No. 9799
(23 September 2011), pp. 1339-1353.
See https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/7261Post -2015%20Summit%20%202%20June%202015.pdf.
Available from www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/CRC/Discussions/Recommendations/
Recommendations2004.pdf.
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