E/C.12/VNM/CO/2-4
(c)
Resettled individuals and communities have encountered difficulties in
finding and alternative livelihood;
(d)
Sedentarization policies have not taken into account the negative impact on
the cultural rights of ethnic minorities (arts. 11 and 15).
The Committee urges the State party to:
(a)
Ensure, in law and in practice, the free, prior and informed consent of
ethnic minorities on decisions that affect them, and provide legal assistance in that
regard;
(b)
Guarantee transparency of the processes, including by making
information on compensation rates, places of resettlement and support policies
available well in advance;
(c)
Incorporate age-group-specific and gender-sensitive alternative
livelihood strategies in revocation and sedentarization plans and enforce the
obligation for enterprises benefiting from revoked lands to recruit landless persons;
(d)
Ensure accessible and effective remedies, including by reviewing
complaints received and providing compensation where appropriate;
(e)
Undertake an assessment of the impact of revocation and sedentarization
policies on the enjoyment of Covenant rights and involve ethnic minorities in policymaking and the design of plans aimed at addressing identified issues.
The Committee refers the State party to its general comment No. 7 (1997) on forced
evictions.
Right to sexual and reproductive health
30.
The Committee is concerned at the unmet need for sexual and reproductive health
services for certain groups, including women from ethnic minorities and in rural areas as
well as unmarried women (art. 12).
The Committee recommends that the State party accord priority to groups such as
women from ethnic minorities and in rural areas, as well as unmarried and young
people, in sexual and reproductive health programmes. The Committee also calls
upon the State party to remove the birth control regulation in national laws so as to
respect the right of everyone to freely and responsibly decide on the number and
spacing of their children.
Water and sanitation
31.
The Committee is concerned at the limited access to sufficient and safe water and
improved sanitation in rural areas, in spite of the progress made in the implementation of
the National Target Programme on Rural Water and Sanitation by 2020. The Committee is
also concerned about reports of water contamination due to mining and abuse of fertilizers
and pesticides as well as in urban areas and industrial zones (art. 12).
The Committee recommends that the State party:
(a)
Allocate more resources for the provision of safe water and improved
sanitation, particularly in rural areas, and ensure that direct and indirect costs, such
as loans, associated with securing safe water and improved sanitation are affordable;
(b)
Enforce regulations on water treatment in industrial zones, take
measures to protect water sources from contamination and ensure the safety of water
supplied to the population.
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