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Il reste que les populations nouvellement arrivées sur le territoire français peuvent souvent, de par
leur situation d’errance et de précarité, ignorer l’étendue des droits qui leur sont garantis par la loi.
L’accès aux soins des Roms en France passe également par l’intermédiaire d’une information
constamment renouvelée de cette population. Pour cette information et pour permettre aux
services de l’Etat responsables de la surveillance de la santé des populations résidentes, des
associations telles Médecins du monde ou Comité aide médicale (CAM) reçoivent des
financements de l’Etat de façon à maintenir des permanences médicales ou à assurer le passage
de bus sanitaires dans les camps, à repérer les besoins sanitaires des familles et à les
accompagner vers les structures de soins où elles sont aidées à établir leurs demandes
administratives de couverture de santé.
§ § 158 relatif aux conditions d’expulsion de certains campements sauvages :
L’intervention des forces de l’ordre pour expulsion de camps de Roms obéit à des règles
strictement encadrées et ces actions nous semblent légitimes au regard des troubles à l’ordre
public que génèrent ces campements sauvages.
Cette action s’accompagne d’une proposition d’aide au retour. (…)”
23.
With regard to the situation of the Roma, the European Court of Human Rights
held as follows in the case of Oršuš and others v. Croatia (application no. 15766/03;
judgment of 16 March 2010 [GC]):
“(…) as a result of their history, the Roma have become a specific type of disadvantaged group
and vulnerable minority (…). They therefore require special protection. (…) special consideration
should be given to their needs and their different lifestyle both in the relevant regulatory
framework and in reaching decisions in particular cases (…) not only for the purpose of
safeguarding the interests of the minorities themselves but to preserve cultural diversity of value
to the whole community” (§§ 147-148).
24.
The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), Report on
France (fourth monitoring cycle), adopted on 29 April 2010, CRI(2010)16:
“(…) Roma from the countries of central and eastern Europe
106. In its third report ECRI recommended that solutions be found to the problems encountered
by Roma from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe regarding housing, health care and
access to education. It also recommended that the necessary measures be taken to combat all
manifestations of racism against Roma.
107. Roma of Romanian or Bulgarian nationality, who constitute a large proportion of migrant
Roma in France, have had access to employment since 2007, but limited to a list of 150
occupations only, following the extension of the EU transitional arrangements with respect to free
movement of persons. They cannot be employed unless the employer pays taxes in the form of a
fixed sum of approximately 900 EUR. (…)
109. ECRI regrets to note that many Roma from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe
remain in an extremely precarious situation as regards access to decent housing and health care.
Throughout France there are cases of Roma living in very rudimentary camps, mostly on the
outskirts of cities, with sometimes disastrous consequences for their health. ECRI is concerned
that a number of sources have pointed out that there is still a problem of brutal forced evictions
from these camps involving the confiscation or destruction of personal belongings. In addition, in
some cases the persons concerned are allegedly not necessarily being offered any decent
alternative housing solution. (…)