- 49 - 160. Article 11§3 requires states to ensure high immunisation levels, in order to not merely reduce the incidence of these diseases, but also to neutralise the reserves of viruses and thus to reach the objectives set by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The Committee underlines that vaccinations on a large scale are recognised as the most efficient and most economical means of combating infectious and epidemic diseases (See Conclusions XV-2, Belgium, Article 11§3). This concerns the population in general, but with special attention directed at the most vulnerable groups. 161. The Committee takes note of the high proportion of infectious diseases, in particular tuberculosis, among migrant Roma. On this point, it stresses the main explanations given by the health observatory authority of the Ile-de-France region on the difficulties encountered by the actors working in the health sector, such as a lack of health education provided to Roma, their distrust towards institutions, their limited use of health devices and the fact that repeated evictions contribute to weaken access to care and support (see Observatoire régional de santé d’Ile-de-France, Situation sanitaire et sociale des “Rroms migrants” en Ile-de-France, January 2012, esp. pp.68-71). 162. The Committee refers also to the example provided by Romeurope on the expulsion of a Roma camp by police forces on the eve of a vaccination campaign planned in cooperation by the administrative department in the context of a measles epidemic (see Collectif National Droits de l’Homme Romeurope, Rapport 2010-2011, “Les Roms, boucs-émissaires d’une politique sécuritaire qui cible les migrants et les pauvres”, February 2012, p. 18). 163. Infectious diseases and risk of domestic accidents largely results from the poor living conditions in the migrant Roma camps. The Committee further notes the very low vaccination coverage among the migrant Roma. The Government provides no information on preventive measures taken for migrant Roma to address these problems but only refers to the emergency care fund. The Committee finds that this is not sufficient. The particular situation of migrant Roma requires the Government to take specific measures in order to address their particular problems. Treating the migrant Roma in the same manner as the rest of the population when they are in a different situation constitutes discrimination. 164. The Committee therefore holds that there is a violation of Article E taken in conjunction with Article 11§3.

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