E/C.12/2002/11
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(c) Accessibility. Water and water facilities and services have to be accessible
to everyone without discrimination, within the jurisdiction of the State party.
Accessibility has four overlapping dimensions:
(i) Physical accessibility: water, and adequate water facilities and
services, must be within safe physical reach for all sections of the
population. Sufficient, safe and acceptable water must be accessible
within, or in the immediate vicinity, of each household, educational
institution and workplace.16 All water facilities and services must be of
sufficient quality, culturally appropriate and sensitive to gender, lifecycle and privacy requirements. Physical security should not be
threatened during access to water facilities and services;
(ii) Economic accessibility: Water, and water facilities and services,
must be affordable for all. The direct and indirect costs and charges
associated with securing water must be affordable, and must not
compromise or threaten the realization of other Covenant rights;
(iii) Non-discrimination: Water and water facilities and services must
be accessible to all, including the most vulnerable or marginalized
sections of the population, in law and in fact, without discrimination on
any of the prohibited grounds; and
(iv) Information accessibility: accessibility includes the right to seek, receive
and impart information concerning water issues.17
Special topics of broad application
Non-discrimination and equality
13.
The obligation of States parties to guarantee that the right to water is enjoyed
without discrimination (art. 2, para. 2), and equally between men and women (art. 3),
pervades all of the Covenant obligations. The Covenant thus proscribes any
discrimination on the grounds of race, colour, sex, age, language, religion, political or
other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, physical or mental disability,
health status (including HIV/AIDS), sexual orientation and civil, political, social or
other status, which has the intention or effect of nullifying or impairing the equal
enjoyment or exercise of the right to water. The Committee recalls paragraph 12 of
General Comment No. 3 (1990), which states that even in times of severe resource
minimum concentration, of constituents of water that are known to be hazardous to
health.”
16
See also General Comment No. 4 (1991), para. 8 (b), General Comment No. 13 (1999)
para. 6 (a) and General Comment No. 14 (2000) paras. 8 (a) and (b). Household
includes a permanent or semi-permanent dwelling, or a temporary halting site.
17
See para. 48 of this General Comment.