A/HRC/RES/19/37 28. Also calls upon States to take, as a matter of urgency, all appropriate measures to prevent, and to protect children from, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and from all forms of violence, including physical, mental and sexual violence, to tackle all forms of bullying, child abuse and exploitation, domestic violence and neglect, human trafficking and violence perpetrated by the police, other law enforcement authorities and employees and officials in detention centres or welfare institutions, including orphanages, giving priority to the gender dimension, and to address underlying causes through a systematic and comprehensive approach; 29. Further calls upon States to ensure that all child victims of violence have access to appropriate child-sensitive health care and services, as well as social services, and that special attention is paid to the gender-specific needs of girls and boys who are victims of violence; Identity, family relations and birth registration 30. Urges all States to intensify their efforts to comply with their obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child to preserve the child’s identity, including nationality, name and family relations, as recognized by law, to ensure birth registration of all children immediately after birth, irrespective of their status, through universal, free, accessible, simple, expeditious and effective registration procedures in accordance with article 7 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and article 24 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to raise awareness of the importance of birth registration at the national, regional and local levels, to facilitate late registration of birth, and to ensure that children who have not been registered have access without discrimination to health care, protection, education, safe drinking water and sanitation, and other basic services; 31. Recalls that every child has the right to acquire a nationality, recognizes the special needs of children for protection against arbitrary deprivation of nationality, and encourages States that have not acceded to the Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness to consider doing so; 32. Reaffirms paragraphs 17 and 18 of Human Rights Council resolution 7/29, and calls upon States to consider ratifying the Convention on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law, Recognition, Enforcement and Cooperation in Respect of Parental Responsibility and Measures for the Protection of Children, the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, and the Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction; 33. Encourages States to take into account the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, and to adopt and enforce laws and improve the implementation of policies and programmes, budget allocation and human resources to protect children growing up without parents or caregivers; where alternative care is necessary, decisionmaking should be in the best interests of the child, in full consultation with the child as ageappropriate and with his or her legal guardians; 34. Calls upon States to cooperate, to the extent consistent with the obligations of each State, to ensure the right of children whose parents reside in different States to maintain, on a regular basis, save in exceptional circumstances, personal relations and direct contact with both parents by facilitating access and visitation in both States and by respecting the principle that both parents have common responsibilities for the upbringing and development of their children; 7