A/70/203
location’s water, sanitation and hygiene services must be assessed in the light of
the human rights standards and principles, as well as the principles of core
obligations, progressive realization and use of maximum available resources.
99.
The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:
(a) Use the human rights framework for water, sanitation and hygiene to
identify appropriate types of services and to ensure that services are available,
safe, acceptable, accessible and affordable to all;
(b) Take into account the different concerns as to meeting human rights
standards related to each type of service in planning and implementation
processes. It is important for States to consider that some combinations of types
of services and management models may be not compliant and might even
provide outcomes far from human rights standards;
(c) Take into account the social, economic, political, cultural and
environmental context in assessing the compliance of types of services with
human rights;
(d) Ensure active, free and meaningful participation in the decisionmaking on adopting types of services and management models;
(e) Set priorities in a way to meet the most essential needs to ensure
survival, health and dignity, considering the short-, medium- and long-term
planning;
(f) Focus on the unserved and underserved as a matter of priority.
Where parts of the population do not even have access to an essential level of
service, States must prioritize the realization of their human rights. When
everyone has access to at least an essential level of service, States have the
obligation to progressively realize the human rights to water and sanitation in
order to achieve an adequate standard of living for all;
(g) Prioritize groups and individuals who have been disadvantaged in
the past in order to achieve substantive equality and to redress past
disadvantage;
(h) Balance short-, medium- and long-term needs and address these
through comprehensive planning. This implies not deferring immediate needs
with promises of a long-term strategy that will eventually reach the entire
population. Immediate needs must be addressed as a matter of priority, while
minimizing the cost of any potential double investment in infrastructure;
(i) Develop monitoring systems to measure the progress States make,
acknowledging that States have different starting points and baselines for
achieving universal access to water, sanitation and hygiene, as well as to
monitor the progressive reduction of inequalities;
(j) Use and adapt, as necessary, existing platforms or partnerships so as
to ensure the accountability, future review and follow-up of the water-,
sanitation- and hygiene-related sustainable development goal targets. Such a
platform should establish a country-led review process that includes
international and civil society organizations, and assesses progress and
bottlenecks.
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