E/C.12/CAN/CO/6
that the State party ensure that physicians’ conscientious objection does not impede
women’s access to legal abortion services. The Committee also recommends that
affordable contraceptives be made accessible and available to all, and in particular
those living in remote areas and those living in poverty. The Committee refers to its
general comment No. 22 (2016) on the right to sexual and reproductive health.
Climate change and environmental protection
53.
The Committee is concerned that climate change is negatively affecting the
enjoyment of Covenant rights by indigenous peoples. The Committee is also concerned that
regulations governing environmental protection have been weakened in recent years,
notably by the enactment of the Budget Bill C-38 (2012) and in the context of extractive
industries (art. 12).
54.
The Committee recommends that the State party address the impact of climate
change on indigenous peoples more effectively while fully engaging indigenous peoples
in related policy and programme design and implementation. The Committee also
recommends that the State party ensure that the use of non-conventional fossil
energies is preceded by consultation with affected communities and impact assessment
processes. It also recommends that the State party pursue alternative and renewable
energy production. The Committee recommends that the State party further
strengthen its legislation and regulations, in accordance with its international human
rights obligations, and ensure that environmental impact assessments are regularly
carried out in the context of extractive industry activities.
Right to education
55.
The Committee is concerned by the continuous lower educational and academic
achievements of indigenous and African-Canadian children. The Committee is particularly
concerned by the latter’s high dropout rates at all school levels. The Committee is also
concerned about reported barriers for children whose parents have no legal status in
accessing schooling (arts. 13).
56.
The Committee recommends that the State party reinforce its efforts to address
the long-standing issues faced by indigenous and African-Canadian children in
accessing and completing primary and secondary school. In doing so, the Committee
recommends that the State party develop interventions, in consultation with the
affected communities, aimed at combating school dropout, including by putting an
end to the unnecessary measures of expelling and suspending pupils. The Committee
further recommends the State party ensure access to free compulsory schooling for all
children without discrimination.
Post-secondary education
57.
The Committee is concerned at the increasing tuition fees in post-secondary
education, combined with decreasing governmental funding, which disproportionately
impacts students and families with low income and indigenous peoples (art. 13).
58.
The Committee recommends that the State party take steps to increase the
budget allocated to publicly funded post-secondary education system, with a view to
facilitating access to higher education to everyone regardless of their socioeconomic or
ethnic background.
Cultural rights
59.
The Committee is concerned that many indigenous languages are endangered,
despite some measures taken. It is also concerned about the inadequate funding for and
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