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5.3.4 Key indicators of State effort ................................................................... 215
5.4 OPTIMISING INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND CO-OPERATION: STATE
PRACTICE .......................................................................................................... 217
5.4.1 State efforts and challenges in mobilising international assistance and cooperation: Evidence from State reports............................................................ 217
5.4.1.1 Structure of assistance and co-operation .......................................... 221
5.4.1.2 Process capacity and accountability.................................................. 224
5.4.1.3 Enhancing outcomes of international assistance and co-operation
programmes ................................................................................................. 226
5.4.2 Case study: Challenges of maximising international assistance to address
ESC rights needs in Maldives .......................................................................... 228
5.4.2.1 Background, nature and types of international assistance and cooperation ...................................................................................................... 228
5.4.2.2 Some key challenges in making aid more effective in Maldives ........ 231
5.5 INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND CO-OPERATION POLICY
IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS .................................................... 233
5.5.1 The need for strengthening institutional principles guiding international
assistance and co-operation activities ............................................................. 234
5.5.2 Future directions of international assistance and co-operation activities . 236
5.6 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................ 238
Chapter 6
6.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 241
6.2 MOBILISING PRIVATE SECTOR AND SOCIETAL RESOURCES ............... 243
6.2.1 Private sector resources and market solutions........................................ 245
6.2.1.1 The significance of mobilising private sector resources..................... 249
6.2.1.2 Financial and non-financial societal resources .................................. 251
6.2.2 The case for an ESC rights-oriented ‘synergistic partnership’ with the
private sector ................................................................................................... 255
6.2.2.1 Approaches to a ‘synergistic partnership’ .......................................... 257
6.2.2.2 Public-private partnership models ..................................................... 257
6.2.2.3 Private philanthropy and corporate social responsibility .................... 259
6.2.2.4 Emerging trends in public-private and civil society partnerships ........ 261
6.3 CHALLENGES IN ATTRACTING SOCIETAL AND PRIVATE SECTOR
RESOURCES FOR ESC RIGHTS ....................................................................... 263
6.3.1 Reconciling the roles of the government and the market......................... 264
6.3.2 Incentives for effective implementation of public-private partnerships ..... 265
6.3.3 Effective governance of private sector partnership ................................. 267