22 BOSPHORUS HAVA YOLLARI TURİZM VE TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ v. IRELAND JUDGMENT action taken by the institutions of the Community. They shall facilitate the achievement of the Community's tasks. They shall abstain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the objectives of this Treaty.” 83. The relevant part of Article 189 (now Article 249) reads as follows: “A regulation shall have general application. It shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. ...” The description of a regulation as being “binding in its entirety” and “directly applicable” in all member States means that it takes effect1 in the internal legal orders of member States without the need for domestic implementation. 84. Article 234 (now Article 307) reads as follows: “The rights and obligations arising from agreements concluded before 1 January 1958 or, for acceding States, before the date of their accession, between one or more Member States on the one hand, and one or more third countries on the other, shall not be affected by the provisions of this Treaty. To the extent that such agreements are not compatible with this Treaty, the Member State or States concerned shall take all appropriate steps to eliminate the incompatibilities established. Member States shall, where necessary, assist each other to this end and shall, where appropriate, adopt a common attitude. In applying the agreements referred to in the first paragraph, Member States shall take into account the fact that the advantages accorded under this Treaty by each Member State form an integral part of the establishment of the Community and are thereby inseparably linked with the creation of common institutions, the conferring of powers upon them and the granting of the same advantages by all the other Member States.” C. The European Community control mechanisms 85. As regards the control exercised by the ECJ and national courts, the ECJ has stated as follows: “39. Individuals are ... entitled to effective judicial protection of the rights they derive from the Community legal order, and the right to such protection is one of the general principles of law stemming from the constitutional traditions common to the Member States. That right has also been enshrined in Articles 6 and 13 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms ... 1. Regulations come into force on the date specified therein or, where no such date is specified, twenty days after publication in the Official Journal (Article 191(2), now 254(2)).