CEDAW/C/GC/36 instances there is no strict accountability mechanism and, in schools, the matter is ignored, treated as victim blaming and with impunity. 68. Sexual abuse of girls may result in unwanted pregnancies particularly during adolescence and there is, therefore, a need to alert them to the problem and its consequences. An important response to the magnitude of this problem in the home, school and community, therefore, is the need to institute, in keeping with article 10 h) and 12 of the Convention, GR 24 on Women and Health, and GR 35 on gender-based violence against women, mandatory age-appropriate curricula at all levels of education, on comprehensive sexuality education including sexual and reproductive health and rights, responsible sexual behaviour, prevention of early pregnancies and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Teachers should be specifically trained for age-appropriate delivery at the various levels. In situations where, as at the secondary level the teaching staff is predominantly male, efforts should be made to recruit, train and hire female teachers who can serve as role models and make classrooms safer and more enabling places for girls and young women. 69. The Committee recommends that States parties undertake the following measures to curtail violence against girls and women associated with educational institutions and schooling thereby protecting their right to be treated with respect and dignity: a) enact and enforce appropriate laws, policies and procedures to prohibit and tackle violence against girls and women in and around educational institutions, including verbal and emotional abuse, stalking, sexual harassment and sexual violence, physical violence, and exploitation; b) recruit, train and hire more female teachers in education institutions where the school faculty is predominantly male; c) ensure that girls and women, affected by violence in schools, have effective access to justice and remedy; d) respond to cases of violence against girls and women in educational institutions through confidential and independent reporting mechanisms, effective investigations, criminal prosecutions when appropriate, adequate punishment of perpetrators, and provide services for victims and survivors; e) ensure that all incidents of violence against girls and women in educational institutions are reported and recorded, check the criminal records of school personnel prior to their employment and develop and enforce codes of conduct for all school staff and students; f) adopt national plans of action to address school-related violence against girls including guidelines for schools, compulsory training for teachers and students in early intervention strategies to address sexual harassment and violence against them; g) designate a government mechanism for preventing and investigating incidents of violence in educational institutions and provide adequate public funding to address the problem; h) provide support services for girls who experience violence, including counselling, medical treatment, HIV/AIDS information and medication; i) develop and introduce age appropriate, evidence based, scientifically accurate mandatory curricula at all levels of education covering comprehensive information on sexual and reproductive health and rights, responsible sexual behaviour, prevention of early pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Cyber-bullying 70. Another form of abuse that girls experience is cyber-bullying carried out through the use of technology and various social media to intimidate, threaten, or harass them. While both boys and girls are involved in cyber-bullying, research shows that girls are almost twice as likely as boys to be both victims and perpetrators. Adolescent girls are often exposed to online victimisation which takes many forms including: name calling, 16