E/C.12/2001/10 page 6 Notes 1 The Preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the common Preamble to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights emphasize the importance of “freedom from … want”. 2 For example, see General Assembly resolution 55/106 of 4 December 2000 and Commission on Human Rights resolution 2001/31 of 23 April 2001. 3 The term “poverty” is not found in any of the major international human rights instruments. For a recent United Nations study of the links between human rights, development and poverty, see Human Development Report 2000: Human Rights and Human Development, UNDP. 4 World Bank, World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty, Oxford University Press, p.v. 5 For example, see Deepa Narayan, Voices of the Poor, Can Anyone Hear Us?, published by the Oxford University Press for the World Bank, 2000. 6 According to chapter II, entitled “Eradication of poverty”, in the Programme of Action of the World Summit for Social Development (1995): “Poverty has various manifestations, including lack of income and productive resources sufficient to ensure sustainable livelihoods; hunger and malnutrition; ill health; limited or lack of access to education and other basic services; increased morbidity and mortality from illness; homelessness and inadequate housing; unsafe environments; and social discrimination and exclusion. It is also characterized by a lack of participation in decision-making and in civil, social and cultural life.” (para. 19) 7 Consistent with part I, paragraph 5 of the Vienna Declaration and Plan of Action, adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights (1993): “All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and interrelated. The international community must treat human rights globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same emphasis.” 8 See article 13.1 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and article 2.3 of the Declaration on the Right to Development. 9 See statement of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to the Third Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization, Seattle, 30 November3 December 1999 (E/C.12/1999/9). 10 For the Committee’s remarks on the “Obligations of actors other than States parties” see, in particular, General Comment No. 13, part III and General Comment No. 14, part V; also General Comment No. 12, paras. 20 and 38-41. 11 Article 2.1. 12 General Comment No. 3, para. 10.