A/HRC/18/33 criteria and indicators. Inadequate data can therefore be a serious constraint, underscoring the need for improvement and capacity-strengthening in that area. 23. However, better use could be made of data already gathered. At the global level, the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for the Water and Sanitation Sector, responsible for monitoring progress towards the Millennium Development Goals target on water and sanitation, has started to develop new targets and indicators in line with human rights criteria. This process seeks to consider, inter alia, to what extent data gathered through existing surveys could be disaggregated to address prohibited grounds of discrimination. At the same time, the Joint Monitoring Programme is strengthening data collection for other relevant indicators, such as water quality. 24. Non-discrimination is a core concept in human rights law, and in this regard, the assessment must pay particular attention to marginalized and vulnerable groups to determine their levels of access and specific barriers they may face. Such an assessment must analyse why people do not have access, identifying existing gaps, exclusions, barriers and constraints. Only when the discriminatory impact of laws and policies is identified can adequate responses be designed to address the root causes for the lack of access. 25. The Performance Assessment System project developed by the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology University in Gujarat, India, seeks to assess the coverage, quality and service levels in water and sanitation in urban areas of the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra. The project focuses particularly on developing better information on reaching poor households, in particular in slum areas, and has developed methods of spatial analysis for monitoring equity in service provision.22 26. In terms of assessing inputs to the sectors, States should undertake a mapping of policies, programmes and activities already in place, determine what resources have been allocated, and identify the actors, including different service providers, involved. This includes assessing whether existing processes are non-discriminatory and participatory, and ensuring that accountability mechanisms are in place. Such a mapping should assess who is targeted by existing policies and which population groups might be left out. Where this review finds that existing policies or strategies do not fully address all dimensions of or are incompatible with the human rights to water and to sanitation, they need to be repealed, amended or changed to meet human rights requirements. Assessing the existing institutional and financial capacities helps to identify constraints, bottlenecks and weaknesses as well as successful interventions that drive the realization of the rights to water and to sanitation. 27. At the global level, the UN-Water Global Annual Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water provides information on inputs to the sectors, including policy formulation, institutional arrangements and the allocation of resources seeking to identity drivers and bottlenecks in improving access. Notably, its 2011 questionnaire also includes attention to human rights concerns. The Country Status Overview reports developed by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank provide another tool for situational analysis and diagnosis at the country level. The African Ministers’ Council on Water has commissioned the production of these overviews for most sub-Saharan African countries, and similar efforts are underway in Latin American and Asian countries. 22 8 See www.spcept.ac.in/pas_project.aspx?pg=pas⊂=pas.